Algeria diversifies wheat imports to strengthen food security

Algeria remains one of the world’s largest wheat importers, as domestic production does not cover internal demand and remains highly dependent on weather conditions. Wheat is a major staple in the country, primarily used to produce bread and couscous, while consumption is supported by population growth, urbanisation and expanding milling capacity.

Despite government programmes aimed at increasing grain production, Algeria continues to rely heavily on imports. According to USDA estimates, the country purchases more than 8 mln tons of wheat annually, making it one of the key buyers on the global market. The government is also expanding grain planting areas, developing irrigation and introducing modern agricultural technologies, but domestic production is still insufficient to meet demand.

In recent years, Algeria has actively diversified its wheat suppliers. France, Germany, Spain, Canada, the United States, Argentina, Uruguay and Mexico have traditionally been among the country’s main suppliers, but the authorities have also opened state tenders to new exporters. Russia resumed wheat shipments to Algeria in 2021 after a five-year break and has since increased its presence in the Algerian market.

Barley in Algeria is mainly used as feed for sheep, cattle and camels. Consumption largely depends on weather and pasture conditions, with demand increasing during years of insufficient rainfall and poor natural grazing. USDA estimates Algeria’s annual barley consumption at more than 1.9 mln tons, which also supports steady demand for imported grain.

Tags: Algeria, wheat, imports